2018中考英語：易混淆知識點（2）

　　　　51. 〔誤〕 Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop. 〔正〕 Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.

　　　　〔析〕 get in, 與 get out是兩個相反的詞組。get in 為上車，而get out為下車，但語法家認為這里的in與out為副詞，所以其后不能接名詞，我們可以講Wed better get in. 或Wed better get out. 還有一組詞組有關(guān)上下車：get on/off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into/out of (a car, taxi…)

　　　　52. 〔誤〕 Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero. 〔正〕 Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero. 〔析〕 over 與 above 在作為比某物高的意思時有時可以互換。但在垂直方向上的高矮時，即正上方時則要用above.而泛指上方時用over.

　　　　53.〔誤〕 The Dead Sea is under the sea level. 〔正〕 The Dead Sea is below the sea level.

　　　　〔析〕在垂直下方要用below.也就是講above與below互為反意詞，over與under也是反意詞。

　　　　54. 〔誤〕 There is a big tree in the front of the house. 〔正〕 There is a big tree in front of the house.

　　　　in front of 是在物體外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物體內(nèi)部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.

　　　　55.〔誤〕 It took them two days to walk across the forest. 〔正〕 It took them two days to walk through the forest.

　　　　〔析〕 across 作為介詞有兩個主要意思：① 橫過，如：I want to walk across the street.② 對面，如：There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三維空間中的穿越。across則多用于平面上的橫過。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.

　　　　56. 〔誤〕 The sun sets toward the west. 〔正〕 The sun sets in the west.

　　　　〔析〕 towards也可用作toward，它主要表達朝向某方向運動，但不一定到達，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 時，其前面要用in。要注意的是這4個詞可以用作副詞，如：I went south. 也可用作名詞，如：I went to the south.也可用作形容詞，如：I went to the south part of China.

　　　　57. 〔誤〕 Can I write the exam paper with ink? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper with a pen? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper in ink? 〔析〕 with后要加拿得起來放得下的工具，而墨水、顏料等原料則要用in。

　　　　58. 〔誤〕 Im earlier today. I came here by his car. 〔正〕 Im earlier today. I came here in his car.

　　　　〔析〕在交通工具前加介詞by，但不能再有任何指示代詞或冠詞，否則要改換相應(yīng)的介詞。by taxi=in a taxi

　　　　by train=in a train by bicycle=on a bicycle by ship=on a ship

　　　　59. 〔誤〕 A lot of French wines are made of grape. 〔正〕 A lot of French wines are made from grape.

　　　　〔析〕 made of 是指由原材料到成品過程中原材料未發(fā)生質(zhì)地的變化，而發(fā)生了某種變化則要用from,如：The desk was made of hard wood.

　　　　60.〔誤〕 This is a good dictionary in English grammar. 〔正〕 This is a good dictionary on English grammar.

　　　　〔析〕關(guān)于某方面的書籍、報告等有兩個介詞，其中on表示某專業(yè)用書，about則為某方面的普通讀物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知識。

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