初中英語閱讀理解的答案，都藏在文章哪個地方(3)

　　13.特殊標點符號

　　有一些特殊的標點符號也經常成為出題的對象，因此考生應該對以下標點符號的用法較為熟悉：冒號、括號、破折號以及引號。

　　逗號：兩個逗號之間的內容、或者一個逗號后面的內容，通常都起到補充說明第一個逗號前面內容的作用。

　　冒號：冒號后面的內容通常都是用來解釋說明前面的內容，例如前面是抽象的概念后面就是對這個概念的具體說明。

　　括號：括號中間的內容通常用來解釋或補充說明括號前面的內容。

　　破折號：兩個破折號之間的內容、或者一個破折號后面的內容，通常表示解釋說明或者補充說明。

　　引號：表示引用他人的觀點，一般用來從正面或者反面支持作者的觀點。

　　相關的考題一般都是關于文章細節的問題。需要注意的是考題在考查標點符號用法是往往不會明確說明，需要考生自己去判斷并根據具體情況分析標點符號的用法。

　　真題演練

　　March 16th is World Sleep Day. This year’s slogan (標語) is “Breathe Easily， Sleep Well”. Its aim is to celebrate the benefits (好處) of good and healthy sleep.

　　Sleep is like food for the brain. Enough sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop.

　　According to the National Sleep Foundation in the US， adults need seven to nine hours of sleep every night. For students aged 10 to 17， a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night.

　　But many students don’t get enough sleep because of early school start times and heavy homework. About 80 percent of middle school students don’t get enough sleep， the China Youth and Children Research Center reported. For some students， they want to sleep early， but they keep worrying about their schoolwork and can’t fall asleep quickly. For others， they may even have insomnia which might keep them awake all night.

　　These sleeping problems greatly affect people’s lives. Experts have shown that lack of sleep for teenagers leads to poor grades. Students without enough sleep cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Also， the lack of sleep may make them depressed (沮喪的).

　　Luckily， with good sleep habits， it is easier to fall asleep. Some of these good habits include avoiding drinks that make people excited late in the day， going to sleep at the same time each night， and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark， quiet， and neither too warm nor too cold.

　　1、If Li Hong is 15 years old， how much sleep does she need every night？

　　A．10-12 hours.

　　B．8-9 hours.

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