2019年山東東營中考英語真題（已公布）(4)

　　B

　　What’s a spacewalk? Any time an astronaut gets out of a spacecraft(航天器) while in space, it is called a spacewalk. Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons. For example, experiments can  be  placed on  the  outside of  a  spacecraft. This lets  scientists  learn how being in  space affects( 影響) different things. By going on spacewalks, astronauts can also fix things instead of bringing them back to the earth to fix.

　　When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen(氧氣) they need to breathe and the water they need to drink. To keep the astronauts and the spacecraft safe, the astronauts must leave and go back to the spacecraft through a special door. When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety  tethers to stay close to their spacecraft.Tethers are like ropes, connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft. They keep astronauts  from  floating( 漂 浮 )  away  into  space. Another  way  astronauts  stay  safe  during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER. SAFER is worn like a backpack. It helps an astronaut move around in space.

　　How do astronauts train for spacewalks? One way is by going for a swim. Floating in space is a lot like floating in water. Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pool. For every one hour they will spend on a spacewalk, astronauts need to train seven hours in the pool. Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虛擬現實). It looks and feels just like a spacewalk.

　　Today, only three countries have finished spacewalks independently. They are Russia, the United States and China. The first person to go on a spacewalk in the world was Alexei Leonov from Russia. Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astronaut to go on a spacewalk. The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian astronaut Anatoly Solovyev. He has been on 16 spacewalks and spent more than 82 hours outside in space.

　　41. About the spacewalk, we can know      .

　　A. some things can be fixed by astronauts during spacewalks

　　B. all experiments must be placed on the outside of a spacecraft

　　C. an astronaut can get out of a spacecraft any time while in space

　　D. a spacewalk lets scientists learn how being in space affects different things

　　42. How many ways to keep the astronauts safe during spacewalks?

　　A. Two.

　　B. Three.

　　C. Four.

　　D. Five.

　　43. What’s the meaning of the word “tethers” in Paragraph 2?

　　A. 吊籃

　　B. 系繩

　　C. 籠子

　　D. 鉤子

　　44. Astronauts train for spacewalks by   .

　　A. floating in space

　　B. using virtual reality

　　C. going on spacewalks outside a spacecraft

　　D. training in water in a common swimming pool

　　45. According to the passage, which is NOT true?

　　A. China can finish a spacewalk independently.

　　B. Astronauts can breathe and drink in spacesuits.

　　C. Astronauts can move around in space with the help of SAFER.

　　D. Anatoly Solovyev is the first person to go on a spacewalk in the world.

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